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James Francis Cameron〔Space Foundation. (n.d.). ''(America's vision: The case for space exploration )'', p. 42. Retrieved December 12, 2009.〕 (born August 16, 1954) is a Canadian filmmaker, inventor, engineer, philanthropist, and deep-sea explorer.〔Sony (2009). (James Cameron returns to abyss with Reality Camera System ). Retrieved December 25, 2009.〕〔Thompson A (2009). ("The innovative new 3D tech behind James Cameron's ''Avatar''". ) Fox News. Retrieved December 25, 2009.〕 He first found major success with the science fiction action film ''The Terminator'' (1984). He then became a popular Hollywood director and was hired to write and direct ''Aliens'' (1986); three years later he followed up with ''The Abyss'' (1989). He found further critical acclaim for his use of special effects in ''Terminator 2: Judgment Day'' (1991). After his film ''True Lies'' (1994) Cameron took on his biggest film at the time, ''Titanic'' (1997), which earned him Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director and Film Editing. After ''Titanic'', Cameron began a project that took almost 10 years to make: his science-fiction epic ''Avatar'' (2009), which was in particular a landmark for 3D technology, and for which he received nominations for the same three Academy Awards. In the time between making ''Titanic'' and ''Avatar'', Cameron spent several years creating many documentary films (specifically underwater documentaries) and co-developed the digital 3D Fusion Camera System. Described by a biographer as part scientist and part artist, Cameron has also contributed to underwater filming and remote vehicle technologies.〔〔〔Parisi P (1998). Titanic ''and the making of James Cameron: The inside story of the three-year adventure that rewrote motion picture history''. New York: Newmarket. (Partial text ). Retrieved January 5, 2010.〕 On March 26, 2012, Cameron reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the ocean, in the ''Deepsea Challenger'' submersible. He is the first person to do this in a solo descent, and is only the third person to do so ever. He has won three Academy Awards for ''Titanic''. In total, Cameron's directorial efforts have grossed approximately US$2 billion in North America and US$6 billion worldwide.〔Box Office Mojo (2010). ("James Cameron movie box office results" ). Retrieved February 2, 2010.〕 Not adjusted for inflation, Cameron's ''Titanic'' and ''Avatar'' are the two highest-grossing films of all time at $2.19 billion and $2.78 billion respectively.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=All Time Worldwide Box Office Grosses )〕 In 2009, The Observer noted Cameron as one of the most overrated filmmakers of all time. 〔http://observer.com/2009/05/joss-whedon-king-of-the-overrateds/〕In March 2011, he was named Hollywood's top earner by ''Vanity Fair'', with estimated 2010 earnings of $257 million. In October 2013, a new species of frog ''Pristimantis jamescameroni'' from Venezuela was named after him in recognition of his efforts in environmental awareness, in addition to his public promotion of veganism. ==Early life== Cameron was born in 1954 in Kapuskasing, Ontario, the son of Shirley (née Lowe), an artist and nurse, and Phillip Cameron. His paternal great-great-great-grandfather emigrated from Balquhidder, Scotland, in 1825.〔 Cameron grew up in Chippawa, Ontario, and attended Stamford Collegiate School in Niagara Falls, Ontario. His family moved to Brea, California in 1971, when Cameron was 17 years old. He dropped out of Lutheran High School of Orange County, then attended Troy High School to further his secondary education. Cameron enrolled at Fullerton College, a two-year community college, in 1973 to study physics. He switched to English, then dropped out before the start of the fall 1974 semester.〔Marc Shapiro, James Cameron: An Unauthorized Biography of the Filmmaker, Renaissance Books: Los Angeles (2000), pp.44–47〕 Next, he worked several jobs, including as a truck driver, writing when he had time. During this period he taught himself about special effects: "I'd go down to the USC library and pull any thesis that graduate students had written about optical printing, or front screen projection, or dye transfers, anything that related to film technology. That way I could sit down and read it, and if they'd let me photocopy it, I would. If not, I'd make notes."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Terminator 2: Judgment Day (Part I) )〕 Cameron quit his job as a truck driver to enter the film industry after seeing ''Star Wars'' in 1977.〔''The Force Is With Them: The Legacy of Star Wars'', 2004.〕 When Cameron read Syd Field's book ''Screenplay'', it occurred to him that integrating science and art was possible, and he wrote a 10-minute science-fiction script with two friends, titled ''Xenogenesis''. They raised money, rented camera, lenses, film stock and studio then shot it in 35mm. They dismantled the camera to understand how to operate it and spent the first half-day of the shoot trying to figure out how to get it running. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Cameron」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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